Obvious categories include structural differences in shape and positioning of dendrites and axons. There has been no clear way to define the different species of neurons. How many different kinds of neurons are there? How many Neuron Types Also, neurons participate in multiple types of communication-synchronous brain waves, nanotubes, exosomes, and electrical synapses-not just axon dendrite connections.īut, one of the biggest mysteries is the number neuron species and how to define them. Most mapping projects do not count the astrocyte network, which is not only bigger than the neuronal circuits, but controls the production and maintenance of synapses. Electrical properties vary, as do myelin patterns. Neurotransmitter types are not static, and subunits of receptors can change, as well. There are many types of synapses, many types of neuroplasticity in wide networks, and many different types of postsynaptic densities (the complex structure in the post synaptic neuron with over 1000 large intersecting proteins.).Ī major complication is that neuronal circuits fire in a millisecond, while the same neuron can participate in a totally different circuit the next millisecond. Connections are made and pruned each day and one neuron can have 100,000 connections. A previous post, the Limits of Neuroscience, listed critical problems. Many issues confront neuroscientists in their attempts to map the brain.
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